1.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W., HAN, Q. & KO, J.K.S. (2014) Astragalus membranaceus: potential benefits and prospective role in the protection against inflammation and gastrointestinal cancers. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (Accepted)

2.

TAN, Y., KO, J.,* LIU, X., LU, C., LI, J., XIAO, C., LI, L., NIU, X., JIANG, M., HE,  X., ZHAO, H., ZHANG, Z., BIAN, Z., YANG, Z., ZHANG, G., ZHANG, W. & LU, A. (2014) Serum metabolomics reveals betaine and phosphatidylcholine as potential biomarkers for the toxic responses of processed Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx. Molecular BioSystems (Accepted; doi: 10.1039/C4MB00072B) [*denotes co-first author]

3.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W., LAW, P.C. & KO, J.K.S. (2014) Combined therapeutic effects of vinblastine and Astragalus saponins (AST) in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft via inhibition of tumor growth and proangiogenic factors. Nutrition and Cancer 66(4), 662-674.

4.

KO, J.K.S. & AUYEUNG, K.K.W. (2014) Identification of functional peptides from natural and synthetic products on their anticancer activities by tumor targeting. Current Medicinal Chemistry 21, 2346-2356.

5.

KO, J.K.S. & AUYEUNG, K.K.W. (2014) Inflammatory bowel disease: etiology, pathogenesis and current therapy. Current Pharmaceutical Design 20, 1082-1096.

6.

KO, J.K.S. & AUYEUNG, K.K.W. (2013) Target-oriented mechanisms of novel herbal therapeutics in the chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer and inflammation. Current Pharmaceutical Design 19(1), 48-66.

7.

TAN, Y., LI, J., LIU, X., KO, J., HE, X., LU, C., ZHAO, H., XIAO, C., NIU, X., ZHA, Q., YU, Z., ZHANG, W. & LU, A. (2013) Deciphering the differential toxic responses of Radix aconiti lateralis praeparata in healthy and hydrocortisone-pretreated rats based on serum metabolic profiles. Journal of Proteome Research 12, 513-524.

8.

LU, C., LIU, X., DING, X., CHEN, X., FAN, H., LIU, Y., XIE, N., TAN, Y., KO, J.K., ZHANG, W. & LU, A. (2013) A metabolomics profiling study in hand-foot-and-mouth disease and modulated pathways of clinical intervention using rapid performance liquid chromatography/ quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013, 647452. (doi: 10.1155/2013/647452)

9.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W., LAW, P.C., CHAN, L.Y. & KO, J.K.S. (2012) Astragalus saponins downregulate hypoxia-induced VEGF induction in colon cancer cells. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 12(1), 160. (doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-160)

10.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W., LAW, P.C. & KO, J.K.S. (2012) Novel anti-angiogenic effects of formononetin in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft. Oncology Reports 28, 2188-2194. (doi: 10.3892/or.2012.2056)

11.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W., WOO, P.K., LAW, P.C. & KO, J.K.S. (2012) Astragalus saponins modulate cell invasiveness and angiogenesis in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 141(2), 635-641. (doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.010)

12.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (2011) Adaptive cytoprotection and the brain-gut axis. Digestion 83(Suppl. 1), 19-24. [Invited Review] (doi: 10.1159/000323400)

13.

WONG, H.P., HO, J.W., KOO, M.W., YU, L., WU, W.K., LAM, E.K., TAI, E.K., KO, J.K., SHIN, V.Y., CHU, K.M. & CHO, C.H. (2011) Effects of adrenaline in human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. Life Sciences 88 (25-26), 1108-1112.

14.

KO, J.K.S. & LEUNG, C.C.Y. (2010) Ginger extract and polaprezinc exert gastroprotective actions by antioxidant and growth factor modulating effects in rats. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 25, 1861-1869. (doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06347.x)

15.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W., MOK, N.L., WONG, C.M., CHO, C.H. & KO, J.K.S. (2010) Astragalus saponins modulate mTOR and ERK signaling to promote apoptosis through the extrinsic pathway in HT-29 colon cancer cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 26, 341-349. (doi: 10.3892/ijmm_00000471)

16.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W. & KO, J.K.S. (2010) Novel herbal flavonoids promote apoptosis but differentially induce cell cycle arrest in human colon cancer cell. Investigational New Drugs 28, 1-13. (doi: 10.1007/s10637-008-9207-3)

17.

KO, J.K.S., LEE, S.S. & MARTIN, H. (2010) Phytochemicals as modulators of PPARs and RXRs. PPAR Research 2010, 407650. [Editorial] (doi: 10.1155/2010/407650)

18.

AUYEUNG, K.K., CHO, C.H. & KO, J.K.S. (2009) A novel anticancer effect of Astragalus saponins: transcriptional activation of NSAID-activated gene. International Journal of Cancer 125, 1082-1091. (doi: 10.1002/ijc.24397)

19.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W. & KO, J.K.S. (2009) Coptis chinensis inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene activation. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 24, 571-577. (doi: 10.3892/ijmm_00000267)

20.

KO, J.K.S. & CHIK, C.W.S. (2009) The protective action of radix Astragalus membranaceus against hapten-induced colitis through modulation of cytokines. Cytokine 47, 85-90. (doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.05.014)

21.

AUYEUNG, K.K.W., LAW, P.C. & KO, J.K.S. (2009) Astragalus saponins induces apoptosis via an ERK-independent NF-kB signaling pathway in the human hepatocellular HepG2 cell line. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 23, 189-196. (doi: 10.3892/ijmm_00000116)

22.

AUYEUNG, K.K., LIU, P., CHAN, C., WU, W., LEE, S.S. & KO, J.K.S. (2008) Herbal isoprenols induce apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through transcriptional activation of PPARg. Cancer Investigation 26, 708-717. (doi: 10.1080/07357900801898656)

23.

TIN, M.M.Y., CHO, C.H., CHAN, K., JAMES, A.E. & KO, J.K.S. (2007) Astragalus saponins induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft. Carcinogenesis 28(6), 1347-1355. (doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgl238)

24.

KO, J.K.S., LEUNG, W.C., HO, W.K. & CHIU, P. (2007) Herbal diterpenoids induce growth arrest and apoptosis in colon cancer cells with increased expression of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene. European Journal of Pharmacology 559, 1-13. (doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.12.004)

25.

KO, J.K.S., LAM, F.Y.L. & CHEUNG, A.P.L. (2005) Amelioration of experimental colitis by Astragalus membranaceus through anti-oxidation and inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis. World Journal of Gastroenterology 11 (37), 5787-5794.

26.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (2005) The diverse actions of nicotine and different extracted fractions from tobacco smoke against hapten-induced colitis in rats. Toxicological Sciences 87 (1), 285-295.

27.

CHO, C.H. & KO, J.K.S. (2005) Herbal medicines and animal models of gastrointestinal diseases. In: S. Gad (ed.) Drug Discovery Handbook. John Wiley & Sons: Hoboken, U.S.A. Chapter 22, pp.1013-1035.

28.

KO, J.K.S., CHO, C.H. & LAM, S.K. (2004) Adaptive cytoprotection through modulation of nitric oxide in ethanol-evoked gastritis. World Journal of Gastroenterology 10 (17), 2503-2508.

29.

CHO, C.H., KO, J.K.S. & KOO, M.W.L. (2004) Perspective and clinical significance of eicosanoids in the digestive system. In: P. Curtis-Prior (ed.) The Eicosanoids. John Wiley & Sons: London. Chapter 36, pp.407-414.

30.

LUK, H.H., KO, J.K., FUNG, H.S. & CHO, C.H. (2002) Delineation of the protective action of zinc sulfate on ulcerative colitis in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 443, 197-204.

31.

KO, J.K.S. (2002) Biomolecular free radical toxicity: causes and prevention. Biochimie 84, 349-351. [Invited Book Review]

32.

KO, J.K.S., SHAM, N.F., GUO, X. & CHO, C.H. (2001) Beneficial intervention of experimental colitis by passive cigarette smoking through the modulation of cytokines in rats. Journal of Investigative Medicine 49, 21-29.

33.

GUO, X., KO, J.K.S., MEI, Q.B. & CHO, C.H. (2001) Aggravating effect of cigarette smoke exposure on experimental colitis is associated with leukotriene B4 and reactive oxygen metabolites. Digestion 63, 180-187.

34.

GUO, X., LIU, E.S.L., KO, J.K.S., WONG, B.C.Y., YE, Y., LAM, S.K. & CHO, C.H. (2001) Protective role of cyclooxygenase inhibitor in the adverse action of passive cigarette smoking on the initiation of experimental colitis in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 411, 193-203.

35.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (2000) Alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking: a “partner” for gastric ulceration. Chinese Medical Journal (Taipei) 63, 845-854. [Invited Review]

36.

GUO, X., WANG, W.P., KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1999) Involvement of neutrophils and free radicals in the potentiating effects of passive cigarette smoking on inflammatory bowel disease in rats. Gastroenterology 117, 884-892 (with editorial).

37.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1999) Co-regulation of mucosal nitric oxide and prostaglandins in gastric defensive mechanisms and their roles in adaptive cytoprotection. Inflammation Research 48, 471-478.

38.

KO, J.K.S., MA, J.J., CHOW, J.Y.C. & CHO, C.H. (1998) The correlation of the weakening effect on gastric mucosal integrity by 5-HT with neutrophil activation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 24, 1007-1014.

39.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1998) A histological study on the mechanisms of adaptive cytoprotection on ethanol-induced mucosal damage in rat stomachs. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 43, 1248-1257.

40.

KO, J.K.S., CHING, C.K., CHOW, J.Y.C., ZHANG, S.T., LAM, S.K. & CHO, C.H. (1997) The vascular and glandular organoprotective properties of metronidazole in the rodent stomach. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 11, 811-819.

41.

KO, J.K.S., TANG, F. & CHO, C.H. (1997) Co-regulation of mucosal prostanoids and substance P by indomethacin in rat stomachs. Life Sciences 60, PL277-PL281.

42.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1996) Adaptive gastric mucosal cytoprotection in rats: different modes of action by three mild irritants. Digestion 57, 54-59.

43.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1996) The antilesion actions of anticholinergic agents on ethanol-induced injury in rat stomachs: The importance of gastric vascular integrity and tonicity. Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology 16, 117-125.

44.

WONG, D., QIU, B.S., KO, J.K.S., KOO, M.W.L. & CHO, C.H. (1996) Mucosal nitric oxide is not responsible for the hemodynamic changes induced by nicotine in rat stomachs. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 1, 167-174.

45.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1995) Leucocyte-endothelial interactions in the vasculature following inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 10, 469-470. [Editorial]

46.

KO, J.K.S., CHO, C.H., LAM, S.K., KOO, M.W.L. & CHING, C.K. (1995) Contributions of physical and chemical properties of mild irritants to gastric cytoprotection in rats. Life Sciences 57, PL13-PL18.

47.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1995) Endogenous mediators in adaptive cytoprotection against ethanol-induced gastric gland damage in rabbits. Life Sciences 56, PL1-PL5.

48.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1995) The mechanistic pathway of gastric adaptive cytoprotection: a study on different components of the autonomic nervous system. Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology 15, 205-214.

49.

KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1995) The role of non-protein sulfhydryl compounds in gastric adaptive cytoprotection against ethanol-induced mucosal damage in rats. Inflammation Research 44, 242-244.

50.

KO, J.K.S., CHO, C.H., LAM, S.K. & CHING, C.K. (1995) The importance of gastric emptying and mucosal folds in the adaptive cytoprotection of mild irritants in rats. Inflammation Research 44, 518-522.

51.

CHAN, Y.S., KO, J.K.S. & CHO, C.H. (1995) The role of dorsal motor nucleus of vagus in gastric function and mucosal damage induced by ethanol in rats. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 40, 2312-2316.

52.

LIU, X.G., CHO, C.H. & KO, J.K.S. (1995) Felodipine and ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Pharmacology 51, 391-397.

53.

KO, J.K.S., CHO, C.H. & OGLE, C.W. (1994) A correlative study on the mechanism of adaptive cytoprotection against ethanol-induced gastric lesion formation in rats. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 9, 492-500.

54.

CHO, C.H., KO, J.K.S. & TANG, X.L. (1994) The differential mechanisms of mild irritants on adaptive cytoprotection. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 9 (Suppl. 1), S24-S28.

55.

KO, J.K.S., CHO, C.H. & OGLE, C.W. (1994) The vagus nerve and its non-cholinergic mechanism in the modulation of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 46, 29-32.

56.

CHO, C.H., KOO, M.W.L. & KO, J.K.S. (1994) Modulatory role of 5-HT3 receptors in gastric function and ethanol-induced mucosal damage in rat stomachs. Pharmacology 49, 137-143.

57.

CHO, C.H., CHEN, B.W., HO, C.S., KO, J.K.S. & LAM, S.K. (1994) Assessment of hemodynamic changes in rat stomachs by laser Doppler velocimetry and reflectance spectrophotometry. Digestion 55, 389-394.